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“I did not feel anything strange on first going into battle. We were drawn up in line of battle. I was looking as anxious for the secesh [Rebels] as ever I did for a squirrel but I did not look long before I seen their guns glittering in the brush.”
– Pvt. Edgar Embley, 61st Illinois
– Pvt. Edgar Embley, 61st Illinois
“Several times the enemy essayed to move out from the shelter of the woods across the intervening thickets, but each time our guns ”double-shotted with canister” tore great gaps in their ranks and drove them back to cover.”
–Capt. Andrew Hickenlooper, 5th Ohio
“If I brought on the fight, I am to lead the van.”
– Col. Everett Peabody, 25th Missouri
“We were soon dumbfounded by seeing an enormous force of Confederate troops marching directly toward us,”
– Pvt. Charles Morton, 25th Missouri.
By 7:30 a.m. Peabody’s 
full brigade had taken position along this low ridge overlooking Shiloh Branch to the southwest, prepared to resist the Confederates who were advancing from that direction. Several hundred yards to the right rear (east; see Stop 5) Prentiss’s other brigade, commanded by Col. Madison Miller, was also coming into line. Some 650 yards directly behind Peabody’s men lay their own camps. About half a mile to the left rear, due north, the nearest troops of Sherman’s division peered southward toward this area, glimpsed formations moving through the trees (much less forest intervened in those days), and wondered what it all meant.
Peabody and Prentiss 
themselves were not quite sure what their new fight meant. They thought it might be merely a very large skirmish, but Prentiss was furious about it just the same. Angrily he berated Peabody for starting a battle without permission. With his reconnaissance patrol being driven back despite reinforcements, Peabody had more pressing business at the moment than making explanations to an obtuse superior. As he turned his horse toward the sound of the firing he snapped a salute and called back, “If I brought on the fight, I am to lead the van,” and galloped off to put his troops on position on this ridge.
A few minutes after 7:30, Peabody’s men here saw a number of rabbits running toward them up the slope. Moments later they saw what had caused the strange behavior of the small animals. “We were soon dumbfounded by seeing an enormous force of Confederate troops marching directly toward us,” recalled the 25th Missouri’s Pvt. Charles Morton. Albert Sidney Johnston’s 
grand attack was finally underway, and the whole Confederate army was moving forward—haltingly at times, because of their inexperience and the rough ground, but inexorably.
The Confederate troops who attacked Peabody’s men here belonged to the brigades of Brig. Gen. Sterling A. M. Wood and Col. R. G. Shaver, men from Arkansas, Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi. They came right up the slope from Shiloh Branch, keeping the best line they could among the trees and underbrush. Heavy fire from Peabody’s line drove them back, but they rallied and came on again, pushed to seventy-five-yard range, and volleyed into the Union ranks. Casualties were heavy on both sides. With other Confederate formations sweeping around both his flanks, Peabody had to order a retreat, and what was left of his brigade headed back toward the camps, gaining speed and losing organization all the way.
Recommended link to learn more about the Battle of Shiloh
Recommended read:
Shiloh: The Battle That Changed the Civil War, by Larry Daniel.
Robert Smalls (1839 - 1915) was born in Beaufort, South Carolina, on April 5th, 1839, in a slave cabin behind his mother’s master’s house on 511 Prince Street. In 1862 he escaped from Charleston harbor aboard a steamer called the Planter with his family and several friends too. The boat had to pass by five Confederate check-points and then surrender its contents to the northern Naval fleet out in the harbor where it was blockading the important southern port.
His escape succeeded and Robert would meet Abraham Lincoln personally a couple weeks later. Lincoln was quite impressed with a black man (slave) who had learned how to pilot and navigate the coastal waterways around Charleston. Lincoln rewarded Smalls handsomely with bounty-money and a commission into the Union Navy as a captain of a vessel - the Planter! He was the first black Captain of a U.S. Naval vessel.
Three months later Smalls would visit Abraham Lincoln in the Whitehouse to plead the opportunity for blacks to fight for the Union. Just days afterwards Lincoln approved the raising of the first black troops in the Blue uniform and Robert Smalls was instrumental in helping to start the 1st South Carolina Infantry of U.S. Colored Troops.
Smalls would go on to pilot the Planter for the Union cause and take pace in several important engagements around Charleston and the Sea Islands. After the Civil War he was elected among a few other blacks as they became the freshman class of blacks to serve as U.S. Congressmen.
Robert Smalls’s story is an amazing one of courage, determination, sacrifice, risk and reward - from slavery to Congressman!
This is the home on 511 Prince Street in Beaufort, South Carolina, that Robert was born behind in a slave cabin. He later bought this very same house, after the Civil War, and lived in it with his mother Lydia.
